Wednesday 4 July 2012

What is Higgs-Boson? (The God Particle)

So, It's been a couple of hours since CERN ( European Organization for Nuclear Research) announced the discovery of a new subatomic particle, consistently with the Standard Model of physics, Higgs Boson.
But what is all this? What is Higgs Boson?, How was it found? and How does it affect our daily lives? Let us take a deeper look (in Layman's voice)
CERN


It all starts with the Standard Model of physics, dating back in the 20th century when the quarks (another sub atomic particle)  were discovered. Standard Model of physics was developed to explain three of the four basic forces of nature (exception of explaining gravity, which required the discovery of graviton). Basically it was a theory of elementary particles consisting fermions and  bosons (Fermions are the ones that build up matter eg. protons, neutrons. Bosons are the particles required to embody the fields of quantum field theory eg. photons,gluons)


With bosons coming into light, they are classified into six types:-
4 gauge bosons (carriers of charge)
1 graviton (the one which controls gravity)(not yet discovered)
1 Higgs Boson (an elementary particle, quantum of the higgs field)


Thus, the Higgs Boson was the one discovered recently. It was created using the Large Haldron Collider (LHC) situated 300 ft underground near Geneva. It is a big proton accelerator/collidor and is the largest physics machine in the world.It is believed that the Higgs Boson originated during the Big Bang (after a trillionth of a second after the Big bang,to be precise.) Scientists at LHC tried to create the same circumstances to create the Higgs Boson again. The efforts which started in 1964 ended in a victory on 4th of July 2012 when CERN announced the discovery.

So,How does it affect science? It's most noticable effect is on the Standard Model, which is now,almost, proven (graviton is still pending). It would expand the mankind's reach to the unexplained dark matter and dark energy and would act as one step to open the eyes of a human to the endless secrets of the universe.

How is it related to God?
The answer is, it is nowhere related to God or existence of God, It is an edit of 'Goddamn Particle', a term coined by Nobel prize winner physicist Leon Lederman.


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